Page "A Clockwork Orange" Paragraph 10

At the American publisher's insistence, Burgess allowed their editors to cut the redeeming final chapter from the U. S. version, so that the tale would end on a darker note, with Alex succumbing to his violent, reckless nature — an ending which the publisher insisted would be ' more realistic ' and appealing to a U. S. audience.

The film adaptation, directed by Stanley Kubrick, is based on the American edition of the book ( which Burgess considered to be " badly flawed ").

Kubrick called Chapter 21 " an extra chapter " and claimed