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A partial formalization of the concept began with attempts to solve the Entscheidungsproblem ( the " decision problem ") posed by David Hilbert in 1928.
Subsequent formalizations were framed as attempts to define " effective calculability " or " effective method "; those formalizations included the Gödel – Herbrand – Kleene recursive functions of 1930, 1934 and 1935, Alonzo Church's lambda calculus of 1936, Emil Post's " Formulation 1 " of 1936, and Alan Turing's Turing machines of 1936 – 7 and 1939.
Giving a formal definition of algorithms, corresponding to the intuitive notion, remains a challenging problem.

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