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Amphisbaena (, plural: amphisbaenae ), amphisbaina, amphisbene, amphisboena, amphisbona, amphista, amphivena, or anphivena ( the last two being feminine ), a Greek word, from amphis, meaning " both ways ", and bainein, meaning " to go ", also called the Mother of Ants, is a mythological, ant-eating serpent with a head at each end.

According to Greek mythology, the amphisbaena was spawned from the blood that dripped from the Gorgon Medusa's head as Perseus flew over the Libyan Desert with it in his hand.

Cato's army then encountered it along with other serpents on the march.

Amphisbaenae fed off of the corpses left behind.

The amphisbaena has been referred to by the poets, such as Nicander, John Milton, Alexander Pope, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, and A. E. Housman, and the amphisbaena as a mythological and legendary creature has been referenced by Lucan, Pliny the Elder, Isidore of Seville, and Thomas Browne, the last of whom debunked its existence.