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The school deals primarily with the premodern world ( before the French Revolution ), with little interest in later topics.
It has dominated French social history and influenced historiography in Europe and Latin America.
Prominent leaders include co-founders Lucien Febvre ( 1878 – 1956 ) and Marc Bloch ( 1886 – 1944 ).
The second generation was led by Fernand Braudel ( 1902 – 1985 ) and included Georges Duby ( 1919 – 1996 ), Pierre Goubert ( 1915 – 2012 ), Robert Mandrou ( 1921 – 1984 ), Pierre Chaunu ( 1923 – 2009 ), Jacques Le Goff ( 1924 – ) and Ernest Labrousse ( 1895 – 1988 ).
Institutionally it is based on the Annales journal, the SEVPEN publishing house, the ( FMSH ), and especially the 6th Section of the École pratique des hautes études, all based in Paris.
A third generation was led by Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie ( 1929 – ) and includes Jacques Revel, and Philippe Ariès ( 1914 – 1984 ), who joined the group in 1978.
The third generation stressed history from the point of view of mentalities, or mentalités.

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