Page "Anton Bruckner" Paragraph 57

The editions of Bruckner's works published during and slightly after Bruckner's lifetime tended to " incorporate orchestral retouching, alterations in phrasing, articulation, and dynamics, and added tempo and expression markings ," and on occasion were cut.

These changes were made by Bruckner's friends and associates, and it is not always possible to tell whether the emendations had Bruckner's direct authorization.

These were the versions that were used for nearly all performances until the 1930s.

Cooke judges all these publications as " spurious " because they " did not represent Bruckner's own intentions ," while Korstvedt classifies them into three categories: