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In the Middle Ages, regicide was rare in Western Europe, but it was a recurring theme in the Eastern Roman Empire.

Blinding and strangling in the bathtub were the most commonly used procedures.

With the Renaissance, tyrannicide — or assassination for personal or political reasons — became more common again in Western Europe.

High medieval sources mention the assassination of King Demetrius Zvonimir ( 1089 ), dying at the hands of his own people, who objected to a proposition by the Pope to go on a campaign to aid the Byzantines against the Seljuk Turks.

This account is, however, contentious among historians, it being most commonly asserted that he died of natural causes.

The myth of the " Curse of King Zvonimir " is based on the legend of his assassination.

In 1192, Conrad of Montferrat, the de facto King of Jerusalem, was killed by an assassin.