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Atargatis () or Ataratheh (; ) was a Syrian deity, the chief goddess of northern Syria ( Michael Rostovtzeff called her " the great mistress of the North Syrian lands "), commonly known to the ancient Greeks by a the name Aphrodite Derceto () and to the Romans as Dea Syriae (" Goddess of Syria "), occasionally rendered in one word Deasura.

Primarily she was a goddess of fertility, but, as the baalat (" mistress ") of her city and people, she was also responsible for their protection and well-being.

Her chief sanctuary was at Hierapolis, modern Manbij, northeast of Aleppo, Syria.

She is often now popularly described as the mermaid-goddess, from her fish-bodied appearance at Ashkelon and in Diodorus Siculus — a widely accessible source — but which is by no means her universal appearance.