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Monetary balance of trade is different from physical balance of trade ( which is expressed in amount of raw materials, known also as Total Material Consumption ).
Developed countries usually import a lot of primary raw materials from developing countries at low prices.
Often, these materials are then converted into finished products, and a significant amount of value is added.
Although for instance the EU ( as well as many other developed countries ) has a balanced monetary balance of trade, its physical trade balance ( especially with developing countries ) is negative, meaning that a lot less material is exported than imported.
For this reason, activists talk about the issue of ecological debt which implies a sort of predatory economic system.
The nature of the trade balance statistics is such that it conceals distorted material flow.

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