Page "Balkan Wars" Paragraph 23

Montenegro was the first that declared war on 8 October ( 25 September O. S .).

Its main thrust was towards Shkodra, with secondary operations in the Novi Pazar area.

The rest of the Allies, after giving a common ultimatum, declared war a week later.

Bulgaria attacked towards Eastern Thrace, being stopped only at the outskirts of Constantinople at the Çatalca line and the isthmus of the Gallipoli peninsula, while secondary forces captured Western Thrace and Eastern Macedonia.

Serbia attacked south towards Skopje and Monastir and then turned west to present-day Albania, reaching the Adriatic, while a second Army captured Kosovo and linked with the Montenegrin forces.

Greece's main forces attacked from Thessaly into Macedonia through the Sarantaporo strait and after capturing Thessaloniki on 12 November ( on 26 October 1912, O. S.

) expanded its occupied area and linked up with the Serbian army to the northwest, while its main forces turned east towards Kavala, reaching the Bulgarians.

Another Greek army attacked into Epirus towards Ioannina.