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The Williamite army at the Boyne was about 36, 000 strong, composed of troops from many countries.
Around 20, 000 troops had been in Ireland since 1689, commanded by Schomberg.
William himself arrived with another 16, 000 in June 1690.
William's troops were generally far better trained and equipped than James's.
The best Williamite infantry were from Denmark and the Netherlands, professional soldiers equipped with the latest flintlock muskets.
There was also a large contingent of French Huguenot troops fighting with the Williamites.
William did not have a high opinion of his English and Scottish troops, with the exception of the Ulster Protestant irregulars who had held Ulster in the previous year.
The English and Scottish troops were felt to be politically unreliable, since James had been their legitimate monarch up to a year before.
Moreover, they had only been raised recently and had seen little battle action.

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