Page "Biochemistry" Paragraph 44

A similar process is used to break down proteins.

It is first hydrolyzed into its component amino acids.

Free ammonia ( NH < sub > 3 </ sub >), existing as the ammonium ion ( NH < sub > 4 </ sub >< sup >+</ sup >) in blood, is toxic to life forms.

A suitable method for excreting it must therefore exist.

Different strategies have evolved in different animals, depending on the animals ' needs.

Unicellular organisms, of course, simply release the ammonia into the environment.

Likewise, bony fish can release the ammonia into the water where it is quickly diluted.

In general, mammals convert the ammonia into urea, via the urea cycle.