Page "Blood, toil, tears, and sweat" Paragraph 4

Churchill's phrase has been called a paraphrase of one uttered on 2 July 1849 by Giuseppe Garibaldi when rallying his revolutionary forces in Rome: " I offer hunger, thirst, forced marches, battle, and death.

" As a young man, Churchill had considered writing a biography of Garibaldi.

Theodore Roosevelt uttered a phrase more similar to Churchill's in an address to the Naval War College on June 2, 1897, following his appointment as Assistant Secretary of the Navy: " Every man among us is more fit to meet the duties and responsibilities of citizenship because of the perils over which, in the past, the nation has triumphed ; because of the blood and sweat and tears, the labor and the anguish, through which, in the days that have gone, our forefathers moved on to triumph.

" Churchill's line has been called a " direct quotation " from Roosevelt's speech.

Churchill, a keen soldier, was likely to have read works by Theodore Roosevelt, who was a widely published military historian ; it is also possible he read the speech after being appointed First Lord of the Admiralty, a position similar to Roosevelt's.