Page "Cone penetration test" Paragraph 5

In addition to the mechanical and electronic cones, a variety of other CPT-deployed tools have been developed over the years to provide additional subsurface information.

One common tool advanced during CPT testing is a geophone set to gather seismic shear wave and compression wave velocities.

This data helps determine the shear modulus and Poisson's ratio at intervals through the soil column for soil liquefaction analysis and low-strain soil strength analysis.

Engineers use the shear wave velocity and shear modulus to determine the soil's behavior under low-strain and vibratory loads.

Additional tools such as laser-induced fluorescence, X-ray fluorescence, soil conductivity / resistivity, pH, temperature and membrane interface probe and cameras for capturing video imagery are also increasingly advanced in conjunction with the CPT probe.