Page "Culture of France" Paragraph 35

Paris has traditionally been associated with alternative, artistic or intellectual subcultures, many of which involved foreigners.

Such subcultures include the " Bohemians " of the mid-nineteenth century, the Impressionists, artistic circles of the Belle époque ( around such artists as Picasso and Alfred Jarry ), the Dadaists, Surrealists, the " Lost Generation " ( Hemingway, Gertrude Stein ) and the post-war " intellectuals " associated with Montparnasse ( Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir ).