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Mordant dyes require a mordant, which improves the fastness of the dye against water, light and perspiration.
The choice of mordant is very important as different mordants can change the final color significantly.
Most natural dyes are mordant dyes and there is therefore a large literature base describing dyeing techniques.
The most important mordant dyes are the synthetic mordant dyes, or chrome dyes, used for wool ; these comprise some 30 % of dyes used for wool, and are especially useful for black and navy shades.
The mordant, potassium dichromate, is applied as an after-treatment.
It is important to note that many mordants, particularly those in the heavy metal category, can be hazardous to health and extreme care must be taken in using them.

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