Page "Enki" Paragraph 49

It is, however, as the third figure in the triad ( the two other members of which were Anu and Enlil ) that Ea acquires his permanent place in the pantheon.

To him was assigned the control of the watery element, and in this capacity he becomes the shar apsi ; i. e. king of the Apsu or " the deep ".

The Apsu was figured as the abyss of water beneath the earth, and since the gathering place of the dead, known as Aralu, was situated near the confines of the Apsu, he was also designated as En-Ki ; i. e. " lord of that which is below ", in contrast to Anu, who was the lord of the " above " or the heavens.

The cult of Ea extended throughout Babylonia and Assyria.

We find temples and shrines erected in his honour, e. g. at Nippur, Girsu, Ur, Babylon, Sippar, and Nineveh, and the numerous epithets given to him, as well as the various forms under which the god appears, alike bear witness to the popularity which he enjoyed from the earliest to the latest period of Babylonian-Assyrian history.

The consort of Ea, known as Ninhursag, Ki, Uriash Damkina, " lady of that which is below ", or Damgalnunna, " big lady of the waters ", originally was fully equal with Ea, but in more patriarchal Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian times plays a part merely in association with her lord.

Generally, however, Enki seems to be a reflection of pre-patriarchal times, in which relations between the sexes were characterised by a situation of greater gender equality.

In his character, he prefers persuasion to conflict, which he seeks to avoid if possible.