Page "Faust" Paragraph 21

The character in Polish folklore named Pan Twardowski presents similarities with Faust, and this legend seems to have originated at roughly the same time.

It is unclear whether the two tales have a common origin or influenced each other.

Pan Twardowski may be based on a 16th-century German emigrant to the then-capital of Poland, Kraków, or possibly John Dee or Edward Kelley.

According to the theologian Philip Melanchthon, the historical Johann Faust had studied in Kraków, as well.