Page "Finnish mythology" Paragraph 3

The first historical mention of Finnish folk religion was by the bishop and Lutheran reformer Mikael Agricola ( 1510 – 1555 ) in the preface to his 1551 Finnish translation of the Psalms.

Agricola supplied a list of purported deities of the Häme ( in Swedish, Tavastia ) and Karjala ( Karelia ), twelve deities in each region, with their supposed functions briefly set out in verse form.

( Some commentators state that only eleven deities were listed for Häme, not counting Agricola's mention of Piru, the Devil.

) Due to the lists, Agricola is considered to be the father of the study of Finnish religious history and mythology.

Later scholars and students commonly quoted Agricola's lists as a historical source ; only in the late eighteenth century did scholars begin to critically evaluate the " gods " in Agricola's lists and the information he presented about them, determining with further research that most of the figures in his lists were not gods, but local guardian spirits, figures from folk mythology or explanatory legends, cultural heroes, Christian saints under alternative names, and, in one case, a harvest-time festival.