Page "First to file and first to invent" Paragraph 2

Canada, the Philippines, and the United States were the only countries to use first-to-invent systems, but each switched to first-to-file in 1989, 1998, and 2011 respectively.

Invention in the U. S. is generally defined to comprise two steps: ( 1 ) conception of the invention and ( 2 ) reduction to practice of the invention.

When an inventor conceives of an invention and diligently reduces the invention to practice ( by filing a patent application, by practicing the invention, etc.

), the inventor's date of invention will be the date of conception.

Thus, provided an inventor is diligent in actually reducing an application to practice, he or she will be the first inventor and the inventor entitled to a patent, even if another files a patent application, constructively reducing the invention to practice, before the inventor.