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The Great Plague of 1665 was the last major outbreak of the plague in England.
Some other previous outbreaks of the plague in England were the 1603 plague, which killed 30, 000 Londoners ; the 1625 plague, when some 35, 000 died, and the 1636 plague, when some 10, 000 died.
The English outbreak is thought to have spread from the Netherlands, where the bubonic plague had been occurring intermittently since 1599, with the initial contagion arriving with Dutch trading ships carrying bales of cotton from Amsterdam.
Amsterdam was ravaged in 1663 – 1664, with a mortality given as 50, 000.
The dock areas outside of London and the parish of St Giles in the Fields, where poor workers crowded into ill-kept structures, were the first areas struck by the plague.
As records were not kept of the deaths of the very poor, the first recorded case was that of one Rebecca Andrews on 12 April 1665.
Other suspected sources of the plague were cats and dogs, most of which the Lord Mayor of London at the time had caused to be exterminated.

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