Page "Hacker (term)" Paragraph 17

Use of the term hacker meaning computer criminal was also advanced by the title " Stalking the Wily Hacker ", an article by Clifford Stoll in the May 1988 issue of the Communications of the ACM.

Later that year, the release by Robert Tappan Morris, Jr. of the so-called Morris worm provoked the popular media to spread this usage.

The popularity of Stoll's book The Cuckoo's Egg, published one year later, further entrenched the term in the public's consciousness.