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Some council-member states proposed an additional protocol to the Council of Europe Cybercrime Convention, addressing materials and " acts of racist or xenophobic nature committed through computer networks "; it was negotiated from late 2001 to early 2002, and, on 7 November 2002, the Council of Europe Committee of Ministers adopted the protocol's final text titled Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cyber-crime, Concerning the Criminalisation of Acts of a Racist and Xenophobic Nature Committed through Computer Systems, (" Protocol ").
It opened on 28 January 2003, and became current on 1 March 2006 ; as of 30 November 2011, 20 States have signed and ratified the Protocol, and 15 others have signed, but not yet ratified it ( including Canada and South Africa ).

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