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Mohammad Zahir Shah, Nadir Khan's 19-year-old son, succeeded to the throne and reigned from 1933 to 1973.
Until 1946 Zahir Shah ruled with the assistance of his uncle Sardar Mohammad Hashim Khan, who held the post of Prime Minister and continued the policies of Nadir Shah.
In 1946, another of Zahir Shah's uncles, Sardar Shah Mahmud Khan, became Prime Minister and began an experiment allowing greater political freedom, but reversed the policy when it went further than he expected.
In 1953, he was replaced as Prime Minister by Mohammed Daoud Khan, the king's cousin and brother-in-law.
Daoud sought a closer relationship with the Soviet Union and a more distant one towards Pakistan.
However, disputes with Pakistan led to an economic crisis and he was asked to resign in 1963.
From 1963 until 1973, Zahir Shah took a more active role.

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