Page "History of England" Paragraph 45
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On 22 December 1135, Stephen was anointed king with the implicit support of the church and nation.
Matilda and her own son stood for direct descent by heredity from Henry I, and she bided her time in France.
In the autumn of 1139, she invaded England with her illegitimate half-brother Robert of Gloucester.
Her husband, Geoffroy V of Anjou, conquered Normandy but did not cross the channel to help his wife, satisfied with Normandy and Anjou.
During this breakdown of central authority, the nobles ran amok building adulterine castles ( i. e. castles erected without government permission ).
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