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After Jacobo Arbenz came to power in 1951, he extended political freedom, allowing Communists in Guatemala to participate in politics.
This move by Arbenz let many opponents in Ubico ’ s regime to recognize themselves as Communists.
By 1952, Arbenz supported a land reform, and took unused agricultural land, about, from owners who had large properties, and made it available to rural workers and farmers.
These lands were to be taken from the United Fruit Company with compensation ; however, the UFC believed the compensation was not enough.
Meantime, Arbenz allowed the Communist Party to organize and include leaders notably his adviser who were leftist.
The propaganda effort that was led by United Fruit Company against the revolution in Guatemala persuaded the U. S. government to fight against communism in Guatemala.
The United States clutched on small details to prove the existence of widespread Communism in Guatemala.
The Eisenhower administration at the time in the U. S. were not happy about the Arbenz government, they considered Arbenz to be too close to Communism ; there have been reports that Arbenz ’ s wife was a Communist and part of the Communist Party in Guatemala.
Even though it was impossible for the U. S. to gather evidence and information about Guatemala ’ s relations to the Soviet Union, Americans wanted to believe that Communism existed in Guatemala.
Many groups of Guatemalan exiles were armed and trained by the CIA, and commanded by Colonel Carlos Castillo Armas they invaded Guatemala on June 18, 1954.
The Americans called it an Anti-Communist Coup against Arbenz.
The coup was supported by CIA radio broadcasts and so the Guatemalan army refused to resist the coup, Arbenz was forced to resign.
In 1954 a military government replaced Arbenz ' government and disbanded the legislature and they arrested communist leaders, Castillo Armas became president.

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