Page "History of Iraq" Paragraph 2

Ottoman rule ended with World War I, and Iraq came to be administered by the British Empire until the establishment of the Kingdom of Iraq in 1932.

The Republic of Iraq was established in 1958 following a coup d ' état.

The Republic was controlled by Saddam Hussein from 1979 to 2003, into which period falls into the war with Iran and the Gulf War.

Saddam Hussein was deposed following the 2003 US-led invasion of the country.

Following the invasion, the situation deteriorated to the extent that in 2006-2007, Iraq was on the brink of civil war.

However, conditions improved following a surge in U. S. troops in 2007-2008, and the war was declared formally over in December 2011, with the U. S. troops leaving the country.