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In 1831, Muhammad Ali of Egypt conquered Ottoman Syria and decided to revive and resettle much of its regions.
His conscription policies led to a popular Arab revolt in 1834, resulting in major casualties for the local Arab peasants and massacres of Christian and Jewish communities by the rebels.
Following the revolt, Muhammad Pasha, the son of Muhammad Ali, expelled nearly 10, 000 of the local peasants to Egypt, while bringing loyal Arab peasants from Egypt and discharged soldiers to settle the coastline of Palestine, northern Jordan Valley was settled by his Sudanese troops.
In 1838 there was another revolt by the Druze and in 1840 the Egyptians withdrew, returning the area to Ottoman governorship.

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