Page "History of Kuwait" Paragraph 18

In January 1899, Mubarak signed an agreement with the British which pledged that Kuwait would never cede any territory nor receive agents or representatives of any foreign power without the British Government's consent.

In essence, this policy gave Britain control of Kuwait's foreign policy.

The treaty also gave Britain responsibility for Kuwait's national security.

In return, Britain agreed to grant an annual subsidy of 15, 000 Indian rupees (£ 1, 500 ) to the ruling family.

In 1911, Mubarak raised taxes.

Therefore, three wealthy business men Ibrahim Al-Mudhaf, Helal Al-Mutairi, and Shamlan Ali bin Saif Al-Roumi ( brother of Hussain Ali bin Saif Al-Roumi ), led a protest against Mubarak by making Bahrain their main trade point, which negatively affected the Kuwaiti economy.

However, Mubarak went to Bahrain and apologized for raising taxes and the three business men returned to Kuwait.

In 1915, Mubarak the Great died and was succeeded by his son Jaber II Al-Sabah, who reigned for just over one year until his death in early 1917.

His brother Sheikh Salim Al-Mubarak Al-Sabah succeeded him.