Page "History of Lebanon" Paragraph 9

After gradual decline of its strength, Phoenician city states on the Lebanese coast were conquered outright by the Achaemenid dynasty of Persia, which organized it as a satrapy, though many of Phoenician colonies continued their independent existence-most notably Carthage.

The region of northern Canaan was subsequently merged into the empire of Alexander the Great, who notably conquered Tyre ( 332 BC ) by extending a still-extant causeway from the mainland in a seven-month effort.

After Alexander's death the region was absorbed into the Seleucid Empire.