Page "History of Lesotho" Paragraph 6

However, this interpretation of history for the entire southern region of Africa has been refuted by Norman Etherington in The Great Treks: The Transformation of Southern Africa, 1815-1854 ( Longman, 2001 ).

Etherington argues that no such thing as the Mfecane occurred, the Zulu were no more marauding than any other group in the region, and the land the Voortrekkers saw as empty was not settled by either Zulu or Basotho because those people did not value open lowland plains as pasture.