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Bosnia was centred between the Roman and Byzantine worlds.
Consequently, neither Catholicism nor Eastern Orthodoxy was dominant.
In fact, it had its own ' Bosnian Church ,' which was similar to both Catholicism and Orthodoxy, whilst incorporating local superstitious beliefs.
It was branded as heretical by both Rome and Constantinople, and accused of being linked to the Bogomil sect.
Much of the populace belonged to the local Bosnian church, yet its influence was not deeply rooted.
Although Catholic at face value, the ruling Bans mostly tolerated, and some converted to the Bosnian church.
The Pope, with the aid of Catholic Hungary, was often infuriated by the poor attempts of the Bans to quell the heretical sect, and sought to incite a religious Crusade on Bosnia.
Ultimately, it was the lack of a strong and unified religious orientation that enabled Islam to take hold in such high numbers in Bosnia, whereas other Turk dominions held onto their Catholic or Orthodox faiths.
With the Ottoman take-over, the Bosnian church ceased to exist, as its followers converted to Islam.
The Bosnians that were Orthodox and Catholic remained so, but they were joined by a new religion – Islam.
The ' ethnic ' tensions that arose in modern times stem from this religious division.

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