Page "Hu Jintao" Paragraph 47

Hu's tough-on-corruption policies have seen mixed results.

While there have been some attempts at increasing transparency in the expenditures of official organs and bureaucrats, the downfall of Railways Minister Liu Zhijun and Chongqing party chief Bo Xilai served as a reminder of unresolved issues of corruption within the political elite.

Moreover, the Hu Administration's insistence on censorship and the curtailing of freedom of speech has drawn many critics from human rights organizations and Western governments, while artists and writers inside the country chided the Hu Administration's increased restrictions on cultural expressions.

Although in the early years of his tenure Hu attempted to pioneer a form of " intraparty democracy " that called for greater participation from lower-ranked members to determine policy and select the leadership, there has been little evidence of meaningful changes to the party's governing structure and decision-making process.