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Ida Minerva Tarbell ( November 5, 1857 – January 6, 1944 ) was an American teacher, author and journalist.

She was known as one of the leading " muckrakers " of the progressive era, work known in modern times as " investigative journalism ".

She wrote many notable magazine series and biographies.

She is best known for her 1904 book The History of the Standard Oil Company, which was listed as No. 5 in a 1999 list by New York University of the top 100 works of 20th-century American journalism.

She became the first woman to take on Standard Oil.

Her direct forerunner was Henry Demarest Lloyd.

She began her work on The Standard after her editors at McClure's Magazine called for a story on one of the trusts.