Page "Imperial German Navy" Paragraph 46

In 1907 a naval artillery school was established at Sonderburg ( north of Kiel ).

This aimed to address the difficulties with the new generation of guns, which with potentially greater range required aiming devices capable of directing them at targets at those extreme ranges.

By 1914, experiments were being conducted with guns in increasing sizes up to 51 cm.

Capital ships were fitted with spotting tops high up on masts with range finding equipment, while ship design was altered to place turrets on the centre line of the ship for improved accuracy.