Page "Indonesian National Revolution" Paragraph 39

The Linggadjati Agreement, brokered by the British and concluded in November 1946, saw the Netherlands recognise the Republic as the de-facto authority over Java, Madura, and Sumatra.

Both parties agreed to the formation of the ' United States of Indonesia ' by 1 January 1949, a semi-autonomous federal state with the Monarchy of the Netherlands at its head.

The Republican-controlled Java and Sumatra would be one of its states, alongside areas that were generally under stronger Dutch influence, including southern Kalimantan, and the ' Great East ', which consisted of Sulawesi, Maluku, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and Western New Guinea.

The Central National Committee of Indonesia ( KNIP ) did not ratify the agreement until February 1947, and neither the Republic nor the Dutch were satisfied with it.

On 25 March 1947 the Lower House of the Dutch parliament ratified a ' stripped down ' version of the treaty, which was not accepted by the Republic.

Both sides soon accused the other of violating the agreement.