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Born at Medina del Campo in Spain, he became a novice in the Society of Jesus at the age of thirteen at the place of his birth.
Before leaving Spain, he was lecturer in theology at Ocana, and in April 1569, was sent to Lima, Peru, where the Jesuits had been established in the proceeding year.
Returning to Lima three years later, to again fill the chair of theology, he was elected provincial in 1576.
He founded a number of colleges, among them those of Arequipa, Potosí, Chuquisaca, Panama and La Paz, but met with considerable opposition from the viceroy, Francisco de Toledo, Count of Oropesa.
His official duties obliged him to investigate personally a very extensive range of territory, so that he acquired a practical knowledge of the vast province, and of its aboriginal inhabitants.
Called to Spain by the King in 1585, he was detained in Mexico, where he dedicated himself to studies of the country and people ; returning to Europe, he filled the chair of theology at the Roman college in 1594, as well as other important positions.
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