Page "Jurisdiction" Paragraph 17

In the United States, the Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution makes all treaties that have been ratified under the authority of the United States and customary international law, … the " Supreme Law of the Land " ( U. S. Const. art.

VI Cl.

2 ) and, as such, the law of the land is binding on the federal government as well as on state and local governments.

According to the Supreme Court of the United States, the treaty power authorizes Congress to legislate under the Necessary and Proper Clause in areas beyond those specifically conferred on Congress ( Missouri v. Holland, 252 U. S. 416 ( 1920 )).