Page "Knowledge representation and reasoning" Paragraph 40
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The lumped element model, for instance, suggests that we think of circuits in terms of components with connections between them, with signals flowing instantaneously along the connections.
A different ontology arises if we need to attend to the electrodynamics in the device: Here signals propagate at finite speed and an object ( like a resistor ) that was previously viewed as a single component with an I / O behavior may now have to be thought of as an extended medium through which an electromagnetic wave flows.
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