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The Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States was a treaty signed at Montevideo, Uruguay, on December 26, 1933, during the Seventh International Conference of American States.

The Convention codified the declarative theory of statehood as accepted as part of customary international law.

At the conference, United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Secretary of State Cordell Hull declared the Good Neighbor Policy, which opposed U. S. armed intervention in inter-American affairs.

The convention was signed by 19 states.

The acceptance of three of the signatories was subject to minor reservations.

Those states were Brazil, Peru and the United States.