Page "Music of China" Paragraph 40

Secular Tibetan music survived the Cultural Revolution more intact than spiritual music, especially due to the Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts, which was founded by the Dalai Lama shortly after his self-imposed exile.

TIPA originally specialized in the operatic lhamo form, which has since been modernized with the addition of Western and other influences.

Other secular genres include nangma and toshe, which are often linked and are accompanied by a variety of instruments designed for highly rhythmic dance music.

Nangma karaoke is popular in modern Lhasa.

A classical form called gar is very popular, and is distinguished by ornate, elegant and ceremonial music honoring dignitaries or other respected persons.