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Between 1977 and 1980, Ian Curtis, Peter Hook, Stephen Morris, and Bernard Sumner were members of the post-punk band Joy Division, often featuring heavy production input from producer Martin Hannett.

Curtis committed suicide on 18 May 1980, the day before Joy Division were scheduled to depart for their first American tour, and prior to release of the band's second album, Closer.

The rest of the band decided soon after Curtis ' death that they would carry on.

The members of Joy Division had agreed before Curtis's death not to continue under the Joy Division name should any one member leave the band.

On 29 July 1980, the still unnamed trio debuted live at Manchester's Beach Club.

Rob Gretton, the band's manager for over twenty years, is credited for having found the name " New Order " in an article in The Guardian entitled " The People's New Order of Kampuchea ".

The band adopted this name, despite its previous use for ex-Stooge Ron Asheton's band The New Order, rejecting any fascist undertones.