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Orangutans are among the most intelligent primates and use a variety of sophisticated tools, also constructing elaborate sleeping nests each night from branches and foliage.

The apes have been extensively studied for their learning abilities.

There may even be distinctive cultures within populations.

Field studies of the apes were pioneered by primatologist Birutė Galdikas.

Both orangutan species are considered to be Endangered with the Sumatran orangutan being Critically Endangered.

Human activities have caused severe decline in the populations and ranges of both species.

Threats to wild orangutan populations include poaching, habitat destruction and the illegal pet trade.

There are several conservation and rehabilitation organisations dedicated to the survival of orangutans in the wild.