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The pistachio, Pistacia vera in the Anacardiaceae family, is a small tree originally from Greater Iran ( Iran and Iraq ) which now can also be found in regions of Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Greece, Tunisia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Egypt, Italy ( Sicily ), Uzbekistan, Afghanistan ( especially in the provinces of Samangan and Badghis ), and the United States, specifically in California.

The tree produces an important culinary nut.