Page "Portuguese Mozambique" Paragraph 63

Within a year of the Portuguese military coup at Lisbon, almost all Portuguese population had left the African territory as refugees ( in mainland Portugal they were known as retornados ) – some expelled by the new ruling power of Mozambique, some fleeing in fear.

A parade and a state banquet completed the independence festivities in the capital, which was expected to be renamed Can Phumo, or " Place of Phumo ", after a Shangaan chief who lived in the area before the Portuguese navigator Lourenço Marques founded the city in 1545 and gave his name to it.

Most city streets, named for Portuguese heroes or important dates in Portuguese history, had their names changed.