Page "Prince-elector" Paragraph 27

Many changes to the composition of the college were necessitated by Napoleon's aggression during the early 19th century.

The Treaty of Lunéville ( 1801 ), which ceded territory on the Rhine's left bank to France, led to the abolition of the archbishoprics of Trier and Cologne, and the transfer of the remaining spiritual Elector from Mainz to Regensburg.

In 1803, electorates were created for the Duke of Württemberg, the Margrave of Baden, the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel ( or Hesse-Cassel ), and the Duke of Salzburg, bringing the total number of electors to ten.

When Austria annexed Salzburg under the Treaty of Pressburg ( 1805 ), the Duke of Salzburg moved to the Grand Duchy of Würzburg and retained his electorate.

None of the new electors, however, had an opportunity to cast votes, as the Holy Roman Empire was abolished in 1806, and the new electorates were never confirmed by the Emperor.