Page "Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca" Paragraph 15

In spring and winter ( in British Columbia, Idaho, and Montana ) elk browse on south-and southwest-facing Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir and Ponderosa pine stands, particularly when shrubs and / or grasses are productive.

In summer, elk generally are found at higher elevations ( outside the Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir and Pacific Ponderosa Pine zones ).

During fall elk use stands of Rocky Mountain lodgepole pine, subalpine fir, western larch, or grand fir with high canopy cover.