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Formally, Mbenga – Mbuti Pygmy music consists of at most only four parts, and can be described as an, " ostinato with variations ," or similar to a passacaglia, in that it is cyclical.
In fact it is based on repetition of periods of equal length, which each singer divides using different rhythmic figures specific to different repertoires and songs.
This interesting case of Ethnomusicology and Ethnomathematics creates a detailed surface and endless variations of not only the same period repeated, but the same piece of music.
As in some Balinese gamelan music, these patterns are based on a super-pattern which is never heard.
The Pygmies themselves do not learn or think of their music in this theoretical framework, but learn the music growing up.

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