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Holmes served as a State Representative in the Georgia General Assembly, from 1974 to 2008.
In 2006, Holmes was re-elected as a Democrat to his seventeenth term, repreenting the 53rd House district ( Parts of Clayton, Fayette, and Fulton Counties ).
He was a committee member of Appropriations and Rules and served as Chairman of the Education Committee.
He was the first African-American in the history of the General Assembly to serve on the Budget Subcommittee.
He served as chair of the Georgia Legislative Black Caucus ( GLBC ) in 1990-91.
At that time Georgia was considering the reapportionment of its Congressional district.
GLBC wanted three majority black districts.
A black State Senator chaired the Senate Reapportionment Committee but the legislature passed a plan with only two majority black districts.
That plan did not get clearance from the US Department of Justice under Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act.
Then the legislature passed a plan with three majority black district, which was overturned in Miller v. Johnson.
Then, the Georgia Senate adopted a plan with one majority black district, which failed to pass the House.
A federal court had to adopt a plan to break the impasse.
Ultimately, the court adopted a plan with just one majority black district, but all three incumbent black Congressmen managed to be reelected.
Over his career, Holmes successfully sponsored or co-sponsored more than 200 laws that have been passed in the Georgia General Assembly.

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