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The term " rockabilly " is a portmanteau of " rock " ( from " rock ' n ' roll ") and " hillbilly ", the latter a reference to the country music ( often called " hillbilly music " in the 1940s and 1950s ) that contributed strongly to the style's development.

Other important influences on rockabilly include western swing, boogie woogie, and rhythm and blues.

While there are notable exceptions, its origins lie primarily in the Southern United States.