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The play has been widely adapted for TV and film.

In 1960, Peter Ustinov's cold-war stage parody, Romanoff and Juliet was filmed.

The 1961 film of West Side Story — set among New York gangs – featured the Jets as white youths, equivalent to Shakespeare's Montagues, while the Sharks, equivalent to the Capulets, are Puerto Rican.

The 1994 film The Punk uses both the rough plot outline of Romeo and Juliet and names many of the characters in ways that reflect the characters in the play.

In 2006, Disney's High School Musical made use of Romeo and Juliet plot, placing the two young lovers in rival high school cliques instead of feuding families.

Film-makers have frequently featured characters performing scenes from Romeo and Juliet.

The conceit of dramatising Shakespeare writing Romeo and Juliet has been used several times, including John Madden's 1998 Shakespeare in Love, in which Shakespeare writes the play against the backdrop of his own doomed love affair.

An anime series produced by Gonzo and SKY Perfect Well Think, called Romeo x Juliet, was made in 2007 ; its plot was an edited version of the original story's, and had many new supporting characters whose names were often derived from those of characters in other Shakespeare works.